ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ

ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵏⵏ ⵏ ⴱⵕⵕⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵉ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵣⴷⵖⵏ ⴳ ⴱⵕⵕⴰ, ⵉⵎⴷⵉⵡⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵓⵏ ⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵏⵏ ⵏ ⴱⵕⵕⴰ ⴰⵀⵉⵏⴷⵉ ⵙⵓⴱⵕⴰⵎⴰⵏⵢⴰⵎ ⵊⵉⵛⴰⵏⴽⴰⵕ. ⵉⴱⴷⵔ ⵓⵙⵉⵡⴹ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵏⵏ ⵏ ⴱⵕⵕⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵉ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵣⴷⵖⵏ ⴳ ⴱⵕⵕⴰ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙⵏ ⵙ ...

ⵉⵖⵔⵜ ⵓⵏⴱⵔⴰⵣ ⵓⵍⴰⵎⴱⵉ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉ ⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵏ ⵍⴱⵇⵇⴰⵍⵉ, ⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵚⵉⴹⵢⴰⵙ ⵙ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵃⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⵏ 3000 ⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ ⵙ ⵉⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍⵏ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⴰⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵃⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴱⵔⵣⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵙ 19 ⵏ ⵡⵓⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴳⵔ 19 ⴰⵔ 27 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⴰⵊⴰⵕ ⴱⵓⴷⴰⴱⵉⵙⵜ. ⵉⴳⴰ ⴷ ...

ⴱⵔⵉⴽⵙ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉⵜ BRICS ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵣⴼⴼ (ⵉⵖⴰⵡⵍ) ⵜⵎⵔⵏⵉⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵎⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ, ⵖ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ: ⵍⴱⵕⴰⵣⵉⵍ, ⵔⵓⵙⵢⴰ, ⵍⵀⵏⴷ, ⵛⵛⵉⵏⵡⴰ, ⴷ ⵢⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⵉⵇⵢⴰ. ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵏ ⵏ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵏⴱⴷⴰⴷⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴽⴰⵜⵉⵔⴰⵏⴱⵓⵔⴳ Iekaterinbourg ⴳ ⵔⵓⵙⵢⴰ ⴳ ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ 2009, ⴱⵔⵔⵃⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ ...

ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⴽⵜⵉ ⵓⵎⴰⴷⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉ ⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⴽⵜⵜⵓⵢ ⵡⵉⵙ 44 ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷ ⴷⴷⴰⵀⴰⴱ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵓⵢ ⴰⵚⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏ، ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵔⵙ ⴰⵎⵣⵔⴰⵢ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⴼⴰⵡⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴰⴽⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵍⴽⴰⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⴽⴰⵍⴰⵏⵜ, ⴳ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵡⴰⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵚⵚⴰⴱ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⵙⵓⵍⴰⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵏⵀⴰⵍ ...

ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 08 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ 1931 ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵎⴰⵙⵙ ⵄⵓⵎⴰⵕ ⵓⵙⵄⵉⴷ ⴱⵓⵍⵉⴼⴰ, ⴰⵎⵖⵏⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⴳⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ 19. ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵣⵣⴰⴳ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ ⵉⵔⵉⴽⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵄⵕⴱⴰ ⵏ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵉⵔⴰⵜⵏ ...

ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴹⵕⴻⵕ (ⵉⴱⵔⵔⵃ) ⵓⵙⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ ⵙⴰⵏ ⵊⵉⵔⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⵕⴰⵏⵙⵉ, ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵄⵓⵜⵎⴰⵏ ⴷⵉⵎⴱⵉⵍⵉ ⴰⵏⴱⵔⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴳ 2018 ⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵓⵍⵍⵓⵙⵏ, ⵉⵙⴳⵎⴹ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵖⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⴱⵔⵣⴰ ⵏ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵊⵊⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ, ⵢⴰⵛⴽ ⴷ ⵙⵉⵙ ⵣⵖ ⴱⴰⵕⵛⴰⵍⵓⵏⴰ ⴰⵚⴱⵍⵢⵓⵏ. ⵢⵓⵙⵉ ⴷⵉⵎⴱⵉⵍⵉ (26 ...

ⴼⴼⵖⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴱⴷⴷⴰⴷⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴰⵍⴰ ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵏ ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵍⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵍⵉⵣⴰⵔⵢⵓ, ⴰⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⴰⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ, ⴰⵙⵖⵓⵢⵢⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵡⴰⵔ ⴰⵏⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔⵏ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⴰⴷ, ⵜⴰⵢⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵜⵏⴰⵔⴰ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵍⵉⵣⴰⵔⵢⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵢ ⵏ ...

ⵜⴰⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵏⴳⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵅⴰⵢⵔ ⴷⴷⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵕⵓ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴹⵓ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵡⵜ, ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵏⵉⵜ. ⵜⵣⵓⴳ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ ⵢⵉⵎⵖⵓⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ. ⵉⴼⵍ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵣⵉⴽⴽ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵙⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵎⴰⵔⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ...

ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵛⵓⴽⵔⵉ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1935 , ⴳ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵛⵉⴳⵉⵔ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵏⵏⴰⴹⵓⵕ ⵉⵥⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ, ⵉⴷⴷⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵥⵉ ⵉⵎⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵛⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵡⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵣⵓⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵔⵔⵉⴼ, ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵉⴳ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵍⵓⴹⵜ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1942, ⵉⵍⴽⵎ ...

ⴰⵕⵟⵓⵕ ⵛⵓⴱⵏⵀⴰⵡⵕ ( ⵙ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ Arthur_Schopenhauer) (22 ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ 1788- 21 ⵛⵓⵜⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1860) ⴷ ⴰⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼ ⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵡⵢⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ « ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵔⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵜ » ⴷ ⵉⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1818 (ⵉⴼⴼⵖ ⴷ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⵡ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1844). ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵅⴼ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵙ ...