ⵜⴰⵏⵜⵜⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔ ⵏⵖⴷ ⵜⴰⵏⵜⵜⴰⵎⵜ ⴼ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ

ⴰⵙⵙⵓⵖⵍ : ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵡⴰⵃⴷ ⴱⵓⵎⵉⵚⵕ

ترجمة : عبد الواحد بومصر

ⵜⴰⵣⵡⴰⵔⵜ :

ⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴷⴷⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ,ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴰⴳⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵙⵡⵉⵔⵏ ⵏⴼⴰⵍⴰⵍⵏⵉⵏ .
ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵊⴰⵊ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⴳⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ,ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏⴷ ⴰⴷ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ,ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵅⴼ ⴽⵓ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵜⵏⵖ .
ⴳ ⵓⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⵜⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵡⵀⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ,ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵉⵡⵙⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵓⵜⵍⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⴽⴽⵓⵙⵟ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴱⴷⵓ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔ .
(29 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ-06 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1991 ) ⴰⵣⵣⵓⴳⵣ ⴷ ⵓⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵏⵜⵜⴰⵎⵜ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ.ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵢⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵜⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⵖⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵕ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⵓ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵖ .

ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴳⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ : ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢ .

ⵜⵥⵍⵉ ⵜⵎⴰⴳⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵍⵖⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ :
– ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴳ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴳⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 50 ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ,ⵙⴳ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ ⵉⵇⵇⴱⵓⵕⵏ .
– ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵉⵡⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴰⴳⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ .
– ⴰⵎⵎⵔⴽⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵓⴷⴼⵏⵉⵏ ⴱⵍⴰ ⴰⵙ ⵜⵜⵓⴽⴽⴰⵙ ⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴳⵔⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⴳⵯⵏⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ .
ⵙ ⵎⴽ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵓ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⴽⵓⵍⵍ ⵎⴰⴳ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴰⴼⵔⵉⵇⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵖⵣⵓⵔⴰⵏ ,ⵉⵎⵏⴰⴷⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵏⵖⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵉⵏⵉ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵏ ⴱⵍⴰ ⵏⵣⵍⵉ ⵉⵎⵏⴰⴷⵏ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉ .

ⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴼⵙⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⴰⴷⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵢⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⴳ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⵓ ⴷ ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵙⴽⵍⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⴷⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ .

1- ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ :
ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵓⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ, ⵜⴳ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵉ ⵜⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵎⵓ ⵄⴷⴷⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⴰⴷⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ .ⵜⴼⵔⴳ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵢⵓⴷⴼⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴷⵏ .
ⵎⴽ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴷⴷⴰ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵓⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ,ⵙⴳ ⴳⵉⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⴹⵉⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ,ⴷ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵣⴷⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳⵔ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴰⵙ ⵉⴽⴽⵉⵙ ⵜⵉⴼⵔⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵥⵍⵉ ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴰⵙⵉ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵙⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵔⵙⵏ ⵜⵜⵙⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵖⵉⵡⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ,ⵎⴰ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵜⵜ ⵢⵓⵊⵊⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵉⴱⵓⵖⵍⴰⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⴱⵓⵖⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵣⴹⵏ .
ⵣⵓⵏⴷ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ,ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴰⵔ ⵢⴰⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵉ ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏⵏⵙ,ⵎⴽ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵙ ⵉⵙⵍⴳⴰⵏⴻⵏ ⵉⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔⵏⵜ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷⴷⵔⵏⵉⵏ . ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵙⴰⵢ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ .

2- ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ
ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵇⵇⴱⵓⵕⵜ ⴳ ⵉⵣⵣⵍⵎⴹ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⵉⵇⵢⴰ . ⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ ⵙⵎⵎⵓ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵓⵣⵣⵔ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵍⵢⵓⵏ ⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵟⵕ ⴰⵎⴽⵕⴰⴹ , ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵙⵕ ⴷ ⵍⵉⴱⵢⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⵏⴰⵔⵉⵢⵢⵉⵏ , ⴷ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵍ ⴰⵎⵍⵍⴰⵍ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵎⴰⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉⵊⵉⵔ ⴳ ⵉⴼⵔⵉⵇⵢⴰ,ⵎⴽ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⵙⵙⵏ ⵎⴰⵙⴷ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ,ⵜⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴳⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵏ ⴽⵓⵍⵍ , ⵜⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⵜⵓⵔ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⴰⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏ, ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⵏ ⴰⵙⵢⴰⴼⴰ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⵏⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵡⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵏⴼⵍⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷⵜ, ⵜⴳ ⵜⴰⵍⵍⵉ ⵖ ⴷ ⵉⵍⴰⵍ ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⴰⵔ ⵖⵉⵍⴰ .
ⴰⴷ ⵏⵔⵏⵓ ⵉ ⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⵢⴰⵍⴽⴰⵎⵏ ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵉⵅⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ,ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⴼⵕⴹⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⵢⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵎⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ,ⵎⴰⵛ ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⴷⴰⵔⵏⵖ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⴳ ⵉⵖⴰⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⴷ ⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵎⵀⵍⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴷⴰⵎⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷⵜ,ⵉⵙⵙⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴷⴰⵣ,ⴽⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵜⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵏⴱⴱⴷⵏⵉⵏ,ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴰⵙ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⵏⵙⴰⵜⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⴰⵕⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴷⵎⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵙⴳⵎⴰⵏⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵜⵜⵓⴽⴽⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵓⵔⴰⵙ ⵜⵔⴰⵔ ⵜⵖⴹⴼⵜ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷⵜ, ⴰⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵜⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⴷ ⴳⵔ ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵔⵙ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵓⵣⵣⵔⵏⵉⵏ,ⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴽⴽⴰⴹ ⵉⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷⵏⴳ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ. ⵎⴽ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵍⵃⴰⵍ ⵉ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵎⵓ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ .

3- ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ :

ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⴼⴰⵡ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ,ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵏ ⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ,ⵎⴰⵛ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵏⵏⴰⵖ ⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵖ ⵓⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ,ⵔⴰⴷ ⵏⵉⵏⵉ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵜⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵀⵍⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍ ⴰⴷ :

ⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵔⵣⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⴼ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵖⴰⵔ ⵉⵡⵏⵏⴰⵏ ,ⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵏⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵜⴳⵉ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵜⵉⵣⵎⵎⴰⵔ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏⵣⵖ ⴼ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵙⵙⴼⴰⵖⵜ ⵉⴷ ⵙ ⵓⴱⴰⵔⴰⵣ .
ⴱⵍⴰ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⵜⴰⵢⵉⵏ ,ⵓⵔ ⵜⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴳ ⵉⵖⴰⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴼⵙⵙⴰⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⴳⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵔ ⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴳⵎⴰⵏ.
ⴰⵡⴷ ⴰⵀⵉⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵓⵔ ⴰⵖ ⵜⵜⵔⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵖⴷⴼⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ,ⵙ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵔⵙ ⵙⵜⴰⵡⵀⵎⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵕⴰ ⵏ ⴱⵕⵕⴰ .
ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵜⵉⴷⵉⵔ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵉⵡⵔⵔⵉ ⵙ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴰⴳⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵙⵍⴳⴰⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵎⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ .
ⴳ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵣⵣⵔⴰⴼ,ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴳⵔ ⵜⵎⵓⵕⴰ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵙⴳⵎⴹⵍⵉⵏ ⴼ ⵜⵎⵢⴰⵇⵇⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⴱⵍⴰ ⴰⵏⵓⵃⵢⵓ,ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⴳⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ,ⵎⴰⵛ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴹⵕⵉⵙ ⴰⵙⵍⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵎⴽ ⴰⴷ .
ⴳ ⵓⵙⵡⵉⵔ ⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ,ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵓⵔ ⵙⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰⵏ ⵉⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ,ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⵉⴷⵉⵔⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵎⴰⵛⴰⵏ ⴼⵍⵏ ⴰⵎⵢⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ .
ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵉⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵙⵡⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⵡⴰⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ,ⵙⵡⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴼ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴳⴷ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⴳⵉⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴳⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ , ⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵎⴰⵙⴷ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵜⴳⴰⵜⵜ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ,ⴱⵍⴰ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵍⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ .
ⴳ ⵓⵙⵡⵉⵔ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏ-ⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏ,ⵉⵙⵔⴳ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵉ ⵓⵙⵉⵜⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⵎⴰ ⴳ ⴽⵓ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴳⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴼⵍⵉⵜ,ⵜⴳ ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵉⴱⴽⴽⵉⴹⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵏⴰⵥⴰⵕ ⴼ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ , ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴳ ⵉ ⵓⵙⵉⵜⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴳⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵔⵔⵉⴼ ⴳ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵍⵉⵜ,ⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ,ⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵉ ⵉⴱⴽⴽⵉⴹⵏ ⴼ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵎⵙⴰ .
ⵜⵣⴷⵉ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵙ ⵎⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷⴷⵔⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⴰⵎ ⵉⵎⴽⵔⴰⵣⵏ,ⵏⵜⵜⵏⵉ ⴰⵎⵓ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙⵏⴳ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴳⵉⵡⵉⵏ .
ⵙ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⴽⴰⴱⴰⵕⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵓⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵙⵜⴰⵡⵀⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ,ⵙ ⵎⴽ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵡⵉⵏⵜⵜ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵄⵕⵕⴱ ⴳ ⵓⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴷⵢⵓⵍⵓⵊⵉ,ⵎⴰ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴳⵏ ⵉ ⵓⴳⴰⵎⴰ ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵏⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵖⴰⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵍⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵓⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵙⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵏ.

ⴳ ⵓⵙⵡⵉⵔ ⴰⴷⵎⵙⴰⵏ,ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⴰⴳ ⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵉⵙⵔⴳ ⴰⵙ ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵜⵓⵣⵣⵔ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴷⴷⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⴰⴷⴳⴰⵔ,
ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴹⵕ ⵓⵙⵡⵉⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⴰⴷⵎⵙⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⵜⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴳⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⵓⵚⴽⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵅⵉⴱⴱⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵡⵡⵓⵔⵉ.ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵔⴳⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵏⵅⵉⴱⴱⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⵎⴰ,ⴷ ⵓⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵊⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ , ⴹⵕⵏ ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵜⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵙⵓⵏⴰⵏ ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵡⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ,ⴷ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵔⴳⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵏⴼⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⴰⵏⵜ .
ⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵉⵜⴳⴰⵔⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵢⵓⴽⵉ ⵓⵙⵡⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵥⵓⵕⴰⵏⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵙⵓⵏⴰⵏ ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ,ⴳ ⵓⵙⵡⵉⵔ ⴰⴷⵎⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏ,ⵎⴰ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴳⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵓⴽⴽⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴳ ⵉⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ .
4- ⵉⵎⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵔ ⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ
ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⴷⴷ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵙⴰ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴽⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⵉⴱⵓⵏⵍⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵏⵓⵃⵢⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ,ⴷ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⴷⴷⵔⵉⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴼⵕⴹⵉⵚⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ , ⵉⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴷⴷⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵖⵉⵡⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⵙⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵡⴷⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵉⵏ, ⴰⴼ ⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵣⵔⵔⴳⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⵉⵏⵣⵔⴰⴼⵉⵏ .
ⵙⵀ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵙⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ,ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ,ⴰⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵅⴼ ⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ :
1- ⴰⴷ ⵜⴳ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱⵜ ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ .
2- ⴰⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵉⵔⵣⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⴱⴱⵓⵛⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵡⵣ ⴼ ⵓⵙⴱⵉⴷⴷ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⴰⵕⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴷ :
– ⴰⵙⵔⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⵙⵢⵉⵡⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ .
– ⵜⵉⵎⵏⵥⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ .
– ⴰⵙⵎⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴰⵖⵓⵊⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ .
– ⴰⵙⴻⵙⵉⴷⴼ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵀⵉⵍⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷⵏ .
-3-ⴰⵙⵉⴷⴼ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵓⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ .
4- ⵜⴰⵣⵎⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵣ ⴰⵏⵏⴰⵍ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉ .
5- ⵜⵉⴽⴽⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵖⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴳ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⴹ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵏⵖⵎⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⵍⵉⵥⵕ ⵣⵓⵏⴷ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ .
6- ⴰⵙⵎⵖⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍⵓⵍ ⴷ ⵓⴼⴰⵔⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵙ ⵉⵍⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ .
7- ⴰⵙⵎⵓⵜⴳ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⵓⵡⵏⵏⵉ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ .
ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵣⵎⵎⵉⵎⵏⵉⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵏⵜⵜⴰⵎⵜ :
– ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⴳⴳⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵉⴼⵉⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ – ⵕⵕⴱⴰⵟ
– ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴱⴷⵓ – ⴰⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔ
– ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵖⵔⵉⵙ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ – ⴳⵯⵍⵎⵉⵎⴰ
– ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜ ⵉ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ – ⵕⵕⴱⴰⵟ
– ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵉⵍⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ -ⵏⵏⴰⴹⵓⵕ
– ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵓⵙ – ⵜⴰⴷⴷⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵍⵍⴰⵍⵜ

ميثاق أكادير أو ميثاق حول اللغة والثقافة الأمازيغيتين بالمغرب
tanttamt n ugadir nɣd tanttamt f tutlayt d tdlsa timaziɣin g lmɣrib

tazwart :

tddr tutlayt d tdlsa tamaziɣt yan waddad ur imsasan g tgiriwin ad s usrag n waddad nnsnt nna iddrn g tama,ilin tugtt n isragn yaḍn g iswirn nfalalnin .
mqqar akkʷ tga tutlayt d tdlsa timaziɣin sg jaj n tumayt n tmagit tamɣribit,iqqand ad fllas ittuswuri afad ad tbuɣlu,tawuri ad tlla xf ku yan gitnɣ .
g umnid ad llant kra n tsntayin n tugtt n tmsmunin nna istawhmman s tutlayt d tdlsa tamaziɣt,slawan akkʷ lliɣ iwsnt g usnmala n tsutlt tiss kkusṭ n tsdawit n unbdu g ugadir .
(29 yulyuz-06 ɣuct 1991 ) azzugz d uzmmem xf tnttamt xf tutlayt d tussna timaziɣin g lmɣrib.nna igan yat tyafut n umyawas gr tugtt n imstggarn iɣi ad ig yan usnfaṛ amattay n usku n yat tdlsa tanamurt igan tadimuqṛaṭit g tmurt nnɣ .

tamagit tadlsant tamɣribit : tamunt g umzaray .

tẓli tmagit n tdlsa tamɣribit s yat tlɣa tamassant s tumliyin ad :
– iga umzruy n lmɣrib azayku nna iskan xf tdlsa d tɣrma tamaziɣt g mad ittggan uggar n 50 n tasut ,sg mad illan g idrizn iqqbuṛn .
– tilit n tdlsa d tussna taɛṛabt g lmɣrib am yan ugzzum nna yiwsn g tmagit tadlsant tamɣribit .
– ammrks n tdlsa tamaziɣt d tdlsiwin yaḍn nna d udfnin bla as ttukkas tuẓlayt nns d usmsasa gras d tussniwin nns tigʷnsanin .
s mk ad as tamu tdlsa tamɣribit kull mag llant tfras n tmaziɣt d tɛṛabt ula afriqi d uɣzuran ,imnadn ad ur nɣi ad nini mas gan yan uskkin bla nzli imnadn ann yaḍni .

ar akkʷ fssin imnadn ad g tutlayt d uswingm d tmyurin d trsal n tɣrma g mad izlin s wanaw n usku d tẓuṛiwin d tskla d iskkinn yadn nna imunn g tudrt n ufgan amɣribi .

1– tadlsa tamaziɣt :
tga tdlsa tamaziɣt yat tɣrma tazaykut nna ibuɣlan g tmuṛt n lmɣrib, tg awd yat tmatart tadslant taɣrmant i tudmawant tamɣribit nna mu ɛddan imnadn nns .tfrg ukan sul tuẓlayin nns tinimanin mqqar aylli d fllas yudfn g tussniwin yadn .
mk lli bdda gis llant tfras n tsulant nns ,sg gisnt amsasa n ifrḍisn nns ,d umyas n tzdayt nns gr as d tussniwin nna dis izdin ma ad ur as ikkis tifras nna s tẓli slawan akkʷ lliɣ ad gis ttasi aynna s tsɣawsa ar srsn ttsmad iɣiwsn nns ,ma ann ad stt yujjan ad tg yat tussna ibuɣlan, slawan akkʷ mas tskr tugtt n twwuriwin bahra buɣlanin i tussniwin nna as yazḍn .
zund akkʷ tussniwin tigraɣlanin ,tussna tamaziɣt ar yakka yat tuẓlayt i bab nns,mk lli ttbuɣlu s islganen iwnnaḍann nna g ttddrnt tussniwin ddrnin . ar ttyasay sg tutlayt tamaziɣt d tdlsa d tẓuṛiwin .

2– tutlayt tamaziɣt
tga tutlayt tamaziɣt yat tutlayt taqqbuṛt g izzlmḍ n ifriqya . akud nns iga mad izrin smmu mraw n tasut tuzzr tutlayt ad g yat trakalt nna izrin smmus id mlyun kilumiṭṛ amkṛaḍ , slawan akkʷ mas tlla g iwtta n misṛ d libya ar tigzirin tiknariyyin , d iffus n il amllal anammas ar mali d nnijir g ifriqya,mk lli nssn masd agdud iggutn nna tt isawaln illa g lmɣrib,tg yat tutlayt nna immalan tamagit n imɣribin kull , tg yan usatur amaddud g igr nnsn adslan d unamun, nttat ad issnfaln asyafa nnsn amunan ar tskar tiwwuriwin bahra nflnin g tudmawant nnsn tamaddudt, tg talli ɣ d ilal umussu adlsan amaziɣ ar ɣila .
ad nrnu i ma ad mas tga tutlayt tamaziɣt yan unmala n umnyalkamn ibiddn xf ixf nns ,nna d dar ifṛḍisn imyanawn nna ganin imassann nna ittawssann g usmal n tutlayin n umaḍal,mac lliɣ darnɣ ur tlli tutlayt tanawayt g iɣawasn n usslmd d igran yaḍn n tdlsa d win tmhliwin d tdamsa tamaddudt,issidrus atig nns g ugadaz,km lli tt gis ur ttawin imstggarn nna nbbdnin,d ur as ttuskarn insatn gr isnfaṛn isrtann d idmsann ula isgmann, slawann akkʷ lliɣ ttukkas d uras trar tɣḍft g igran n usgmi d tdlsa tamaddudt, anmala nns ur bahra imsasa slawann akkʷ lliɣ llan itsn n imukrisn n umyawad gr willi srs sawalnin g idɣarn nna bahra uzzrnin,ma ad ad iskrn tugtt n ibkkaḍ imaddudng tutlayt tamaziɣt s umata. mk nna iga lḥal i tutlayin nna mu iga waddad nnsnt am tutlayt tamaziɣt .

3– addad n tutlayt d tdlsa timaziɣin :

mqqar akkʷ ifaw aynna ittawnnan g mad izrin,slawan akkʷ atig n uskkin adlsan d utlayan amaziɣ g tudmawant tadlsant tamɣribit,mac tidt nnaɣ tddr tutlayt d tdlsa tamaziɣt g tmazirt nnɣ ur bahra imsasa waddad nnsnt ,rad nini mas tt gis ur iwin imstggarn d tmhliwin d tmrsalin timaddudin d tusligin n ɣil ad :

gan iḍṛiṣn n uskkir n usinag anamur n tzrawin d irzzutn f tmaziɣt ɣar iwnnan ,s usra g lliɣ nn ur tgi awd yat tsga tizmmar afad ad tnzɣ f uzrf ad tssfaɣt id s ubaraz .
bla kra n tsntayin ,ur tlli tutlayt d tdlsa tamaziɣt g iɣawasn idlsann n ikabaṛn isrtann nna ittfssasn g mad iẓlin s tumant ad g ugnsu n tmagit tanamurt g igr adlsan d usgman.
awd ahiln n tmrsalin n usslmd amatay ur aɣ ttrar taɣdft s tutlayt d tdlsa tamaziɣt,s mklli srs stawhmmant tsdawitin d wammasn ikadimin n tmuṛa n bṛṛa .
addad ad nna ttidir tutlayt d tussna tamaziɣt iwrri s tugtt n isragn gisn mad iẓlin s islgann d mad iẓlin d tdmsa tanamunt .
g mad iẓlin s uzzraf,mqqar illa lmɣrib gr tmuṛa nna sgmḍlin f tmyaqqanin tigraɣlanin nna nn illan d izrfan n tutlayin d tdlsawin n iɣrfan bla anuḥyu,mqqar akkʷ llan sin itgarn ad g wammas n tmagit tanamurt,mac ur illi kra n uḍṛis aslgan nna ittinin mk ad .
g uswir asrtan,dffir n tsimant ur sɣawsan ikabaṛn d tmrsalin tisrtanin s tutlayt d tdlsa tamaziɣt,mqqar ran ad ssidirn awank anamur anammas macan fln amyanaw n tussna d tdlsa nna illan g uwank .
amussu anamur d ikabaṛn isrtan akkʷ swwurin s tsrtit igan tawlawalt nna ur ismunn tussniwin n uwank,swwurin ɣas f mad iẓlin s usgd d tutlayt taɛṛabt gin mas tga tamagit tanamunt , ar akkʷ ttinin masd tutlayt n lmɣrib tgatt ɣas tutlayt taɛṛabt,bla tutlayt n imaziɣn nna d dar ils amaziɣ .
g uswir anamun-adlsan,isrg waddad n tutlayt d tdlsa i usitti n ugama g ku mad iẓlin s tgmi d tnflit,tg ilmma tmnaḍt g lmɣrib ɣas tin ibkkiḍn nna izdin d istayn d unaẓaṛ f tnbaḍt , addad ad isrg i usitti n tsggiwin n ugama d rrif g tnafutin n tnflit,tili ɣas g wammas,ma ad ad d yiwin i ibkkiḍn f tdlsa d tdmsa .
tzdi tutlayt d tdlsa s middn nna ddrnin tudrt tanamunt am imkrazn,nttni amu bahra iskr waddad ad imukrisng tugtt n tsggiwin .
s tidt ikabaṛn akkʷ ur bahra stawhmman s tutlayt d tdlsa,s mk ann iwintt ɣas g usɛṛṛb g unamk nns adyuluji,ma ann ad isrgn i ugama lliɣ nn ur illi g iɣawasn n tnflit d ubuɣlu anamun g tugtt n insatn inamurn.

g uswir admsan,addad nnag tddr tdlsa tamaziɣt isrg as lliɣ bahra tuzzr g ugama nna tt inn ikkan iddr g unmala adgar,
mklli iḍṛ uswir nns s usrag n unmala admsan nna ilan isutar n udgar d tilit tilit tuṣkawit d unxibbl n tdusiwin n uswwuri.aylli isrgn i unxibbl n unmala n ugama,d unmala n tawjiwin nns , ḍṛn ilmma itgarn n wamun asunan lliɣ sul ur illi umyawas gr iwdan n wamun,d tilit tanimant nna isrgn i unfal n tdlsa tamunant .
s usrag n itgarn ad akkʷ yuki uswir n tdlsa d tussna tamaziɣt d imdyatn nns iẓuṛann, slawan akkʷ mas amun asunan iḍfṛ yan unmala n uḍfaṛ amatay,g uswir admsan d udlsan,ma ann ad isrgn i tukksa n tdlsa d tussna tamaziɣt g inmalatn inamunn d win tudmawant tadlsant tamɣribit .

4- imal n uswuri g igr adlsan amaziɣ

mqqar illa umzaray iggutn gr tnfrart n tdlsa d tutlayt timaziɣin dd watig nns d masa akkʷ ttawsnt g usku d usmutg n tudmawant tamɣribit ibunlan s unuḥyu nns sg yat tsga ,d waddad nna g ddrin sin ifṛḍiṣn ad g tsga tiss snat , ig usbuɣlu d usddr nnsnt yan usɣiws d tmasayt nna illan gr ifassn n iwdan akkʷ d tmrsalin d tmsmunin tinamurin, af ad ad ttuskar yat tsrtit tutlayant igan tadimuqṛaṭit nna izrrgn izrfan n tutlayt d tdlsa tinzrafin .
sg iwttasn nna sd iqqan ad ttuskarn,afad ad ttuska yat tdlsa tamɣribit igan tadimuqṛaṭit,aswuri xf ma ad :
1- ad tg tutlayt tamaziɣt tutlayt tunṣibt mnid n tutlayt taɛṛabt .
2- assufɣ n usinag n irzzutn d isnubbucn xf tmaziɣt afad ad yawz f usbidd n isnfaṛn nna rad isbuɣlu tutlayt d tdlsa timaziɣin afad ad ttuskarn iwttasn ad :
– asrus n uskkil anaway amsyiwn i tirra n tutlayt tamaziɣt .
– timnẓit n tnawayt n tutlayt tamaziɣt .
– asmar n imassn ibidaɣujin n usslmd n tutlayt tamaziɣt .

– asesidf n usslmd n tutlayt d tussna timaziɣin g wahiln islmadann imaddudn .
-3-asidf n tdlsa tamaziɣt g igran akkʷ n tdlsa d usslmd d uskkir n tzuniwin n tutlayt d tdlsa timaziɣin g tsdawitin timɣribiyin .
4- tazmrt n tdlsa tamaziɣt afad ad tamz annal sg inmalatn n urzzu amassan asdawan d ukadimi .
5- tikki n taɣamt n tdlsa tamaziɣt g imasn n umyawaḍ d usnɣms ittyaran d win uslliẓṛ zund tutlayin yaḍnin .
6- asmɣr n usnflul d ufars g tugtt n igran n tussna d tdlsa s ils amaziɣ .
7- asmutg d usmrs n imassn n usslmd uwnni s tutlayt tamaziɣt .

timsmunin nna zmmimnin xf tnttamt :
– tamsmunt tamɣribit n usiggl d isnifiln n tussna – ṛṛbaṭ
– tamsmunt n tsdawit n unbdu – agadir
– tamsmunt n aɣris tadlsant – gʷlmima
– tamsmunt tamaynut i tdlsa d tẓuṛiwin tinamunin – ṛṛbaṭ
– tamsmunt ilmas tadlsant -nnaḍuṛ
– tamsmunt tadlsant n sus – taddart tamllalt